Immune system dysregulation is thought to be highly relevant in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as with most neurodegenerative diseases, and thus efforts to discover and test fluid biomarkers of immune function in AD are underway. The role played by the immune system in AD pathogenesis extends beyond brain-resident immune cells, with research emphasizing the involvement of systemic immune signals. Charlotte Teunissen, PhD, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands, notes that whilst immune markers lack specificity for AD, they may provide useful prognostic or predictive information. For example, patients with an increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immune biomarker profile have been identified, who may be more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. Network analysis has also found co-expressed protein modules that are strongly associated with long-term dementia risk. Soluble TREM2 changes have been shown to correlate with levels of CSF tau and amyloid, and cortical shrinkage. Additionally, with immune modulation representing a promising therapeutic modality for AD, markers to noninvasively monitor the neuro-immune response will aid in clinical trial conduction. This interview took place at the Alzheimer’s Association International Conference (AAIC) 2022 in San Diego, CA.